What are Actinides in a Separate Compartment at the Bottom of the Periodic Table?

Let's get to know a little bit of actinides in the chemistry classes, which are always mentioned as "these are not very important", together with lanthanides in a separate compartment below.
What are these?
The actinides, whose atomic numbers consist of 15 radioactive elements ranging from 89 to 103, derive its name from the first element in the series, actinium, and mainly from the word "ray" (bulb element), which implies the radioactivity of the elements.
Actinides ... is a family that is not mentioned much, moved to a separate part at the bottom of the periodic table, and is constantly despised, but the metals that play a big role in the development of quantum mechanics, nuclear physics and energy physics are here. These elements are the danger itself, they belong to the place where the metal life is sometimes under 1 second and there is indefinite metal.

As a scientist, I will try to explain the properties of these elements in as simple a format as possible, but firstly, let me basically go through the metal elements.
How is the distribution of the elements in the periodic table?
80% of the periodic table is metal, 6% is semi-metal but most cannot be used. 11 of the 118 known elements are nonmetal. There are one in 11 nonmetals, which is very special. we call this carbon. carbon is a stand-alone technology with both self-produced diamond, fulleren, graphene, graphite and organic compounds.


why not every metal is useful?
When you say metal, most of us think of "iron" wrongly. we even think that when we see a handle, "I should hold on to the iron," we think, but this is a misuse in the folk language.

The metals we can use in our environment are products used in mechanical fields with ductility and toughness, but they are limited in number. these metals can be used by alloying or coating, their corrosion resistance is high.

The most popular metals are in the "group b (ie holde in the periodic table)" metals can be listed from the minimum usage rate to the highest ratio: zinc, titanium, copper, aluminum, iron.

used for semi-metal and alloying purposes: nickel, tin, chrome, antimony, molybdenum

As we go down on the periodic table, we see that the metallin is useless and cannot bear its pure form.
So why? There are 2 reasons for this:
1) electron affinity, that is, low ionization energy. As you go from right to left, top to bottom, it becomes difficult to prevent the metals from giving electrons and they make chemical bonds quickly. nothing happened, they bind oxygen or air hydroxide molecules to themselves. When we look at it, we see that the most stable part is "group b".

2) The other reason for this is the nuclear decay, that is, the neutron / proton ratio is high in most elements. this situation makes the nucleus unstable and causes the atoms to be thrown. for example, you have 92 atoms, that is, you are uranium, you will become 91-> 90-> 89 atoms over time because of your n / p number. the atom breaks down, loses its identity. Let's not forget that the number of protons that give names to the elements. As soon as the number of protons changes, the name of that element also changes. I think we have started getting now somewhere.

In short: most of the trans-uranium metals to be discovered or discovered therefore do not have industrial or practical utility. because n / p ratios prevent it from being stable.


How can the location of the unknown element be determined?
The names of the metals to be discovered are uncertain, but their atomic number is clear. what does this mean? Theoretically, the elements to be discovered are listed according to the atomic number in the periodic table. there are no elements in certain rows. but here too, it is considered theoretically an element. The main interesting issue is that most of the metals to be discovered can be discovered in a laboratory environment by nuclear reaction, and most of them are dysfunctional.
What do actinite metals do for us?
Actinides are not useful and radiate because they have a very high atomic number and their neutron / proton number is high.

such metals are usually synthesized not for commercial purposes, but to understand the behavior of high atomic elements, interpret radiant and quantum mechanics, lead to or improve nuclear physics. Even though they are not in actinides, there are such metals like oganesson that they cannot keep their form even for 1 second (measured as 0.89 ms), they turn into another element by being halved. For example, an element with promethium ... atomic number 61 exits and disappears during the halfway of a radioactive element with high atomic number. it is not found in any rock on natural roads on earth. in short, they exist, but they do not. they are produced, but even in an atomic amount ... that is, even the amount that the human eye can distinguish cannot be produced.

more tragic is that the oganesson element is in the 8a group. According to 8a most stable octet rule for those who do not know, the outer orbital electrons are stable, yes electrons are stable but not atoms. In practice, we can say: "If he could, he wouldn't have a chemical reaction, but he could turn into another element."

let's say, even in the periodic table in chemistry, the actinides that are mentioned a little about "it is not important here, we show it outside. The metals that develop the opposite physics and chemistry and cause the Chernobyl disaster are in this region. Here uranium metal is located right here, in actinides, and all subsequent elements are artificially produced by man.

The new metals discovered in the laboratory environment for a short time, quickly turn into the closest stable metal with nuclear radiation to stabilize the n / p ratio. this is usually lead.
Let's elaborate a little more
the atomic number of these metals is generally high. When we examine (some of these elements were approved in 2015) nihonium (2003) (nh, 113), moscovium (2003) (mc, 115), tennessine (2011) (ts, 117), oganesson (2002) (og, 118) we see that the atomic numbers of such people are greater than 82, that is, lead. Elements up to atomic number 92, or uranium, are naturally found on earth, while the larger elements are called transuranium elements, and this element was discovered by chance during either nuclear disruption or particle accelerator experiments. Many of these discovered metals are produced at the end of the fusion of lead and another element. Due to its high atomic number, it is suitable for nuclear separation. After a while, they sometimes emit radon gas and turn into lead, which is stable at the end of its half-life. guess who's the nuclear physicist working on radon gas?
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