Aquatic plants (Algae and its derivatives-2)


RHODOPHYTA (RED ALUMINUM)

Red algae are mostly sea plants. However, some live in freshwater or on land. They usually live deeper than brown algae. Most of these algae are multi-celled and live with one hand. There are not many in the algae which are frequent in brown algae. Cell walls contain cellulosic as well as abundant amounts of moisturizing agent. The storage material is not a starch but a polysaccharide called red starch and resembling starch. Red algae are an important source of commercial colloids. For example, agar which is the most important ingredient of bacterial culture media, some additives of chocolate milk and puddings, some sauces of sauces, some stabilizers put in cheese and ice creams, some ingredients to keep sweetened cream and lokum-like candies moist,
In addition to chlorophyll a found in all photosynthetic eukaryotes, red algae also contains chlorophyll d, which is not found in other plant groups. Red algae use chlorophyll attached to their specific auxiliary pigments, including phycocyanins, phycoerythrin, and alloficocyanins (phytoplankton in phyto-Greek meaning seaweed). A number of these algae give typical reddish color phycocyanins and alloficocyanins. However, "red algae" are not always red; most of them are black, violet, brown, yellow and even green. Like the life cycle of brown algae, the life cycle of red algae usually occupies reproductive organs. Cells are never whipped; even in the sperm cells; therefore,

CHLOROPHYTA (GREEN ALGLES)

In general, green algae have a special precaution because they are regarded as ancestors of black plants. Like black plants, green algae also contain chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids. Many of the green algae live in sweet waters, with a few species living in damp places and seas in the black. Many divergent trends, most likely beginning with a celluloid organism, all of which are walled and whipped, are found in green algae;

(1) exchange of moving columns;
(2) a change to a stationary cell and columns;
(3) Multi-core; but diffuse, tubular structures that do not show cellular division (the koenocytic organization, a common feature in the fungi);
(4) Replacement of multi-celled strands and three-dimensional leaf-like tallies.

These trends can be better examined, especially on green algae. Because today, there are a large number of cell members belonging to this group, as well as many undeveloped multicellular members. But a lot
for some reason, it is difficult to put green algae into a classification system that separates the protist from the plant kingdom. It is pointless to consider a cell in green algae as a separate realm, and many cells as another realm. For this reason, we will examine this whole group as real plants. This approach is also compatible with gene sequence analyzes. Chlamydomonas as a representative of one-celled green algae, the best-studied cinstir among green algae. Most of these genus-related species are found in ditches with water in them, in pools, in other freshwater environments, and in the land. Each of the organisms consists of an oval haploid cell with a cell wall of largely glycoprotein; It differs from many other green algae which do not have cellulose on the periphery. At the tip of the cell, there are two whips in equal length and a large glass of chloroplast covering half or three of the cell. On the inside of chloroplasts, there are a large number of chlorophyll-bearing lamellae arranged in stacks, like the granules of high plants.

A large pyrenoid, found in the base of chloroplast, works in the synthesis of starch. In the chloroplast, there is also a stigma or eye pattern that regulates the orientation of the organism to the light (but not necessarily for this type of behavior). Within the cell, there is not a large central core, seen in mature cells of high plants. Two small contractile sponges near the kaidi's kaidin emerge consecutively and rhythmically.

Source: poxox.com learn
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